Diarrhea Treatment

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Loperamide (sold as Imodium AD and other products) is the most commonly used antidiarrheal. It works by slowing the movement of the intestinal muscle. You should not use this drug if you have a fever over 101oF, or if you have bloody stools.

Kaolin-pectin (Donnagel, Kaopectate, Parapectolin), an over-the-counter drug, binds with excess water, thereby solidifying and drying diarrheal stools. This makes it appear as if you are having fewer diarrheas and more formed stools, but you are actually still losing the same amount of water, as you would be if untreated. It just looks different. Kaolin medications give a false sense of reassurance. Moreover, kaolin contains aluminum, which has been implicated as a toxic mineral in the body.

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) is an over-the-counter drug that works by attaching to the toxin or bacteria that is causing the problem in the intestines. This deactivates the foreign substance and it loses its ability to hurt the body. This medication can turn the stools back.

Antibiotics can help, but only if the diarrhea if the diarrhea is due to a parasitic or bacterial infection. They should be prescribed only after a stool analysis or culture confirms this.

Antidiarrheal medications that contain narcotics, such as paregoric and diphenoxylate (Lomotil), are sometimes prescribed. Like loperamide, these drugs work by slowing down intestinal action and halting bowel movements. These are powerful drugs and they can have significant side effects.

If severe diarrhea results in dehydration, rehydration may be necessary. In most cases, this can be accomplished through the diet. However, in rare cases, it may be necessary to use intravenous fluids.

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