Infertility Treatment

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For Women

If you are found to have an underactive thyroid, treatment with thyroid hormone should reverse the problem. Any infections may have to be eradicated with antibiotics.

If you are not ovulating, or if ovulation is sporadic, your doctor may prescribe treatment with clomiphene to stimulate ovulation. As long as this is your only problem, this drug can be very effective. However, it has been linked to an increased incidence of ovarian cancer when used for longer than one year, and some women develop ovarian cysts that are painful enough to make them discontinue the drug. Additional prices you may have to pay for the pitter-patter of little feed include abdominal pain, bloating, blurred vision, and depression.

If clomiphene fails, bromocriptine may be tried. Your hormone levels have to be just right for this drug to work, and side effects are more common, including low blood pressure, nausea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. This drug has been known to cause seizures, strokes, and heart attacks.

If you have fallopian tubes that are blocked due to earlier infection or tubal ligation, microsurgery to reopen the tubes may be recommended. The rates of successful pregnancy after such procedures are variable.

If the cervical mucus is of an abnormal consistency or volume and therefore possibly preventing sperm from passing into the uterus, treatment with female hormones may help the mucus reach the proper volume and consistency. Sperm can also be introduced into the uterus by artificial insemination, thus by passing mucus that is abnormal or hostile to their passage.

If conception remains elusive and there is no clear-cut reason for it, examination by laparoscopy and/or ultrasound - and, if any evidence of endometriosis of fibroids is found, surgery to remove or destroy any growths - may resolve the problem.

Women who have polycystic ovary syndrome may benefit from losing weight if they are overweight. This lowers the total amount of estrogen circulating in their bodies, and may permit ovulation. Fertility drugs such as clomiphene, or the steroid dexamethasone, may be effective as well. Surgery on the ovary in which a portion of the ovary is removed, called a wedge resection, may also restore ovulation, though drug treatment is often tried first.

For Men

If a chronic urinary tract infection is identified, antibiotics may be needed. If your testosterone level is abnormally low, this can be corrected Low testosterone levels can have a distinct effect on male fertility.

If you have an anatomical abnormality such as weakness or an obstruction of the reproductive tract, it may be possible to correct the problem with microsurgery.

Some drugs, including common acid-blockers such as cimetidine and ranitidine, can lower the sperm count. If you have a low sperm count and are taking any medications at all ask your doctor about the possibility that the drugs are causing the difficulty.

If your sperm count is very low, artificial insemination combined with techniques to select and concentrate the most viable sperm may be successful in bringing about conception. In vitro fertilization is another possibility.

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